罰單變成了誰的收入Where fine revenue goes
這一站只回答一個問題:地方政府收了罰單的錢之後,有多少變成道路工程,有多少留在帳上。每一格都標出處,查不到就寫 pending。One question only: of the fine revenue a local government collects, how much turns into road engineering and how much stays on the books. Every cell is sourced; unknown is written as pending.
為什麼是這一題Why this question
2026 年 10 月交通部預告把地方罰鍰的提撥率從 12% 拉到 100%,官方理由是撕掉「罰單當提款機」的標籤。但如果只看這條新聞,會得到一個錯的印象:好像誘因被切斷了。實際上被改的是用途,不是來源。In October 2026 MOTC proposed raising the local earmark from 12% to 100%, framed as ending the use of fines as a cash machine. Read only the news and you get the wrong impression: the incentive is intact; only the label on the money changed.
所以要量的是三個方向有沒有背離:開單的量、收到錢的量、變成工程的量。三者同向=罰單確實被當收入;反向=執法有效。So we measure whether three directions diverge: tickets issued, money collected, engineering delivered. Same direction means fines really are revenue; opposite means enforcement works.
機制:分錢的條文與用錢的條文是兩條Mechanism: two different articles
「罰單當收入」的引擎在第 3 條;這次修的是第 4 條。前者決定錢往誰那裡去,後者只決定錢被貼上什麼用途標籤。The engine behind fine-as-revenue is Article 3. The amendment touches Article 4. The first decides who gets the money; the second only labels what it may be spent on.
| 條文article | 內容content | 這次有沒有動touched? |
|---|---|---|
| 第 3 條 | 地方舉發案件:75% 分配予直轄市/縣(市)政府、24% 分配予各處罰機關、1% 解繳國庫Locally-issued cases: 75% to the city/county, 24% to the sanctioning agency, 1% to the treasury | 未動 |
| 第 4 條 | 現行:應至少提撥 12%,六款「優先支應」項目(舉發處理、裝備器材、資訊電腦化、保管場、宣導、教育訓練)Current: at least 12%, six priority items (case handling, equipment, IT, impound lots, publicity, training) | 修正中 |
| 草案第 4 條 | 提撥率 100%;新增「道路交通安全環境改善費用」與「交通事故處理與分析費用」;每半年公開編列與執行100% earmark; adds road-environment improvement and crash analysis items; semi-annual public reporting | 預告 2026-10-02 |
| 未刪除的一項what stays | 科技執法設備仍屬支應項目——交通部明說「未刪除設置科技執法設備用途」Tech enforcement equipment remains eligible: MOTC stated the item was not removed | 保留 |
結論先寫在這裡:100% 專款專用改變的是用途,不是誘因。要切斷「多開單=多收入」,得動的是第 3 條的 75%,或把績效指標從取締件數換掉。Stated up front: 100% earmarking changes the use of money, not the incentive. Cutting 'more tickets = more revenue' requires changing the 75% rule in Article 3, or replacing ticket counts as the performance metric.
四個指標,回答「搞事」而不是「違法」Four metrics that answer 'gaming', not 'illegality'
罰鍰當收入不違法——它是預算制度的一部分。所以問題不是合不合法,是四個比率有沒有背離。每一格都要能回查原始資料。Treating fines as revenue is not illegal; it is part of the budget system. The question is whether four ratios diverge. Each cell must trace back to raw data.
| 編號id | 指標metric | 算法formula | 資料源source | 狀態state |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1 | 取締強度Enforcement intensity | 舉發件數 ÷ 人口 | 警政署 舉發統計(data.gov.tw 39362) | ready |
| M2 | 收入對支出比Revenue vs works | 罰鍰分配金額 ÷ 該縣市道安工程決標金額 | 公路局分配金額 CSV + 標案 API | ready |
| M3 | 方向背離Direction split | 罰單年增率 vs 死傷年增率 | 警政署 + 道安網 368 鄉鎮 | ready |
| M4 | 自償循環Self-funding loop | 科技執法設備決標金額 vs 隔年罰單成長 | 標案 API + 舉發統計 | ready |
M2 是這一站的主指標:收入有官方 CSV、支出有逐案決標,兩邊一 join 就是「收了多少、花在哪」。它不需要等 2028 的半年報。M2 is the headline: revenue has an official CSV, spending has case-level awards. Joining them answers 'how much collected, where spent' without waiting for 2028.
大桃園:13 區的道安工程實際發到哪裡Taoyuan: where the road-safety works actually went
這是「支出」這一側的完整樣本:用 16 組關鍵字反向撈桃園市 2015–2026 的決標公告,逐案歸到 13 區或市府局處。每一筆都有決標日、機關、金額、案號。The spending side, end to end: 16 keywords harvest Taoyuan awards from 2015 to 2026, attributed case by case to one of the 13 districts or to a city bureau. Every row has date, agency, amount and case number.
13 區 + 市府局處13 districts + city bureaus
| 歸屬unit | 件數cases | 金額(萬元)NT$1k | 最近決標latest |
|---|---|---|---|
| 桃園區 | 36 | 29,992 | 20260108 |
| 平鎮區 | 45 | 16,498 | 20251219 |
| 蘆竹區 | 24 | 13,409 | 20260810 |
| 八德區 | 27 | 11,270 | 20261020 |
| 龜山區 | 38 | 9,620 | 20260723 |
| 中壢區 | 25 | 7,914 | 20260128 |
| 龍潭區 | 28 | 6,612 | 20260924 |
| 大園區 | 19 | 6,583 | 20260716 |
| 楊梅區 | 23 | 5,723 | 20261014 |
| 大溪區 | 11 | 5,193 | 20250627 |
| 觀音區 | 27 | 4,362 | 20260123 |
| 新屋區 | 24 | 3,949 | 20260901 |
| 復興區 | 5 | 1,347 | 20251224 |
| 市府局處 | 335 | 560,588 | 20261021 |
逐年by year
| 年year | 件數cases | 金額(億)NT$100M | 平均每件(萬)avg/case |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 41 | 6.56 | 1,600 |
| 2025 | 59 | 7.90 | 1,339 |
| 2024 | 71 | 6.38 | 898 |
| 2023 | 60 | 8.71 | 1,451 |
| 2022 | 61 | 5.97 | 979 |
| 2021 | 57 | 4.21 | 738 |
| 2020 | 64 | 6.87 | 1,073 |
| 2019 | 44 | 3.25 | 739 |
| 2018 | 57 | 5.91 | 1,036 |
| 2017 | 51 | 5.48 | 1,074 |
| 2016 | 49 | 3.95 | 806 |
| 2015 | 43 | 3.14 | 729 |
金額最大的 8 件largest 8 awards
- 20250825 市府局處 桃園市桃園區成功二橋新建工程暨成功路五叉路口改善工程 30,221 萬
- 20260303 市府局處 115年度桃園市人行道及通學廊道改善與修繕工程(開口契約) 24,975 萬
- 20231229 市府局處 113年度桃園市人行道改善及修繕工程(開口契約) 20,000 萬
- 20180124 市府局處 107年度人行道巡查及修繕工程開口契約 15,281 萬
- 20220113 市府局處 桃園市111年度交通標誌標線工程(開口合約) 12,660 萬
- 20170104 市府局處 106年度人行道巡查及修繕工程開口契約 10,380 萬
- 20171227 市府局處 桃園市107年度交通號誌工程(開口合約) 10,183 萬
- 20240123 市府局處 桃園市重點場域暨高鐵聯絡道周邊路網 AI號誌控制示範計畫第三期 10,000 萬
資料抓取於 2026-11-03 15:16。三件事先講清楚:①開口契約的決標金額是上限,實際支出要等結算;②這是關鍵字樣本,不是桃園全部工程預算;③罰鍰收入只到市層級,13 區沒有各自的罰單收入,所以這一頁只呈現「花了多少」,不呈現「收了多少」。Fetched 2026-11-03 15:16. Three caveats: open-contract amounts are ceilings; this is a keyword sample, not the whole city budget; fine revenue exists only at city level, so this page shows spending, not collection.
拿來對照的那個數字:桃園 114 年度獲配罰鍰約 25.1 億(交通部口述)——是同年道安工程樣本 6.6 億的近 4 倍。但同一份官方 CSV 記的是 1.56 億,兩者差 16 倍,口徑未定前不要下結論。For reference: Taoyuan received about NT$2.51bn in fines in FY2025 (MOTC), nearly 4x the NT$0.66bn works sample the same year. The official CSV instead records NT$0.156bn — a 16x gap. Do not conclude until the basis is settled.
建置進度Build progress
3/12 完成。這張表由 data/units.json 產生,不是手寫;每一項有自己的驗收方式。3/12 done. Generated from data/units.json, not typed; each unit has its own check.
| 單元unit | 內容scope | 狀態state | 備註note |
|---|---|---|---|
| U1 | 開站骨架與部署shell + deploy | done | 2026-11-03 v0.1 骨架,四道閘門(version.json/版本戳/seo_audit/首頁<400KB) |
| U2 | 機制章(第3條 vs 第4條)mechanism chapter | done | 法規資料庫現行版全文 + 公報預告文,兩處都已引用 |
| U3 | 指標定義與資料源metric definitions | done | M1–M4 四指標,每個都有公式與來源;資料源已實測可抓 |
| U4 | 來源存檔(sha256)source registry | doing | 第一批:公報預告頁、法規資料庫第3/4條、交通部新聞稿、公路局分配金額 CSV |
| U5 | 罰鍰分配金額 ETLrevenue ETL | todo | 公路局開放資料 CSV,22 縣市 × 年 |
| U6 | 舉發件數 ETLticket ETL | todo | 警政署 舉發統計(data.gov.tw 39362),已下載驗證 ODS 格式 |
| U7 | 道安決標 ETLawards ETL | todo | twbuying/openfun 免金鑰 API,20 組關鍵字反向撈 |
| U8 | 死傷 ETL(368 鄉鎮)casualty ETL | todo | 道安資訊查詢網,鄉鎮市區層級、月更到 2 個月前 |
| U9 | 四比率 join 與排序ratio join | todo | M1–M4 逐縣市排序,每格標資料源與抓取日 |
| U10 | 368 鄉鎮檢視township view | todo | 錢只到 22 縣市;鄉鎮層用標案金額拼 |
| U11 | 2028 半年報解析器semi-annual parser | todo | 22 縣市 22 種格式,正規化欄位;2028 後才會有資料 |
| U12 | 每週自評與監看weekly audit | todo | seo_audit + 來源變動偵測,掛 cron |
來源清冊Source registry
0 筆已存檔。機器可讀清冊在 /archive.json。0 archived. Machine-readable index at /archive.json.
v0.1 尚無存檔來源。第一批來源在 U4 落地後出現在這裡,每一筆會有 URL、抓取時間與 sha256。No archived sources in v0.1. The first batch appears here after U4, each with URL, fetch time and sha256.
怎麼量:每格都要能回到原始資料How we measure: every cell traces back
- 收入Revenue
公路局開放資料「道路交通違規罰鍰收入各縣市分配金額」CSV,22 縣市 × 年度。Highway bureau open-data CSV: fine revenue allotted per county by year. - 開單量Tickets
警政署「舉發違反道路交通管理事件成果統計表」(data.gov.tw 39362),含年度、違規態樣、法條、各縣市件數。NPA enforcement statistics (data.gov.tw 39362) by year, violation type, statute and county. - 支出Spending
政府採購決標公告逐案(免金鑰第三方 API),以標線/號誌/人行道/測速/科技執法等約 20 組關鍵字反向撈,再按機關與縣市歸戶。Case-level awards via a keyless third-party API, harvested by ~20 keywords then attributed to agency and county. - 結果Outcome
道安資訊查詢網的鄉鎮市區死傷統計,368 個鄉鎮、每月更新到兩個月前。Road-safety portal casualty counts for all 368 townships, monthly with a two-month lag. - 驗收Check
每個比率都由第二支獨立查詢重算一次,對不上就查欄位語意,不上色。Every ratio is recomputed by a second independent query; mismatches are investigated, not painted over.
這一版還缺什麼What this version lacks
- 草案不等於定案Draft is not law
第 4 條修正仍在預告階段(意見截止 2026-10-16),條文與比例都可能變動;引用時請寫「草案」。Art. 4 is still a draft (comments closed 2026-10-16). Cite it as a draft. - 半年報不存在No semi-annual reports yet
2028 之前沒有任何縣市會公布「罰鍰收入執行進度」,這一格現在無法量,只能量收入與決標。Before 2028 no county publishes earmark execution; only revenue and awards are measurable now. - 標案資料是第三方Awards data is third-party
目前用 twbuying/openfun 兩個免金鑰 API 取得決標公告,兩者都是爬政府電子採購網;官方沒有逐案 API。正式引用要回採購網原頁。Awards come from two keyless third-party APIs that crawl the official site; there is no official case-level API. - 鄉鎮市區沒有罰鍰收入Townships have no fine revenue
罰鍰只分配給 22 個縣市,368 個鄉鎮市區不是受配單位;鄉鎮層級的「花了多少」只能用標案金額拼出來。Fines go to the 22 counties only; the 368 townships receive none. Township spending can only be rebuilt from awards.
引用規則How to cite
可以引用站上的數字,但要連回出處;標 pending 的格子不是事實,請勿當結論轉述。You may cite the numbers, with the source link. Cells marked pending are not facts.
版本 2026.11.03-89155a8 · build d665efdb55ee · 建置 2026-11-03 15:16 UTC+8 · /version.json
關於這個站About
一個人維護,跟 sr71.sean-hsu.com 同一條生產線:靜態生成、來源存檔存 sha256、每週自評、內容雜湊版本。不作政策倡議,只把可回查的比率放上桌。One person, same pipeline as sr71.sean-hsu.com: static build, sha256 source registry, weekly self-audit, content-hash versions. No advocacy, just checkable ratios.